![]() Conversely, it allows a researcher to start with a given set of available plasmids and work in the virtual laboratory to generate possible products. This might be working backwards in silico from a desired product to determine the needed inputs. In other words, good software allows a researcher to synthesize a working plan. By manipulating DNA in silico, a biologist can ensure that recombinant constructs include functionally complete pieces that have the DNA in order and in frame. Good DNA software also provides powerful in silico simulation of common DNA manipulations, such as restriction digests or Gibson cloning. In addition, a biologist must be able to identify subsequences such as restriction enzyme recognition sequences, recombinase recognition sequences, and overlapping end sequences that are useful for particular recombinant techniques. Every piece of the DNA should be annotated with its biologically relevant attributes. Fundamentally this requires flexible annotation-applying names to a region, and visualization of functional regions-applying pictures to show the spatial relationships between sequence regions. Good DNA visualization software applies meaning to a string of DNA bases. One useful and unique feature is the ability to align assembled contigs with Clustal or MUSCLE to create "contigs of contigs".DNA visualization software must 1) annotate features and depict DNA features graphically, 2) simulate molecular cloning techniques and 3) generate visually appealing output for figures. Published prices, significantly less expensive than other popular packages. However, advanced assembly based on PHRAP requires additional license fees.ĬodonCode Aligner - Newer software for sequence alignment and sequence assembly on Windows and Mac OS X. Academic licenses cost $2,000, with discounts for additional licenses. MacVector - Another program package with many functions that has been around for a long time. The current (4/18/09) list price for a 3-year academic license for Vector NTI is $1975.00 (with discounts of about 30% being offered). Vector NTI - Gained popularity when the program was made freely available to academic users, a policy that was ended in 2008. Trials available through web forms, prices comparable to Sequencher (depending on the number of modules purchased). Has separate modules for sequence assembly and multiple sequence alignments, as well as other modules for primer design, gene finding, and sequence editing. A demo version is available after filling out a web form, but does not allow saving.ĭNASTAR Lasergene / MegAligner - Another popular program. Prices for licenses are not listed at the web site, but typically start at several thousand dollars. Sequencher - A widely used sequence alignment and assembly package that started out as a program for the "classic" Macintosh. Commercial Software For Sequence Alignment Most functions are for post-alignment analysis like phylogenetic tree analysis, but also useful to view and manipulate sequence alignments. Mesquite - Software for evolutionary biology. JAligner - Java implementation of the Smith-Waterman algorithm for pairwise alignments. Not updated since 2002, but still popular. Se-Al - An older sequence alignment editor for Mac OS X. No graphical user interface public domain, available as source code. MUSCLE - A newer multiple sequence alignment program that often gives better alignments that Clustal, and is substantially faster for large data sets. Available with a graphical user interface (ClustalX) or with a command line interface (ClustalW). Free Sequence Alignment SoftwareĬlustal - Perhaps the most commonly used tool for multiple sequence alignments. Integrated web interface for BLAST searches and GenBank browsing. MEGA - A free tool for sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree building and analysis. Free demo downloads (no forms), 30-day fully functional trial. Has not been actively developed for several years, but still gets excellent reviews.ĬodonCode Aligner - A powerful sequence alignment program for Windows and Mac OS X. Sequence Alignment Software Editor's PicksīioEdit - a free and very popular free sequence alignment editor for Windows.
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